Drawing Methods | Computational Drawings
2:47 AMComputational drawings have become an integral part of contemporary culture, thanks to the ubiquitous use of computational tools and algorithms. Architects have been exploring digital models, simulation methods, parametric design, and algorithmic procedures to generate new architectural forms, modes of fabrication, and performance optimization.
Using algorithms, which are essentially sets of instructions, in drawing can create visual expressions that are built on rule-based operations, opening up new possibilities for drawing. These procedures are capable of generating visualizations of complex information and processing large amounts of data, which may be difficult or impossible for the human mind to do.
The Symmetry Series by Young & Ayata, a New York-based architecture firm, is a prime example of how computational drawings can challenge the role of architectural drawings produced through digital computations. These drawings question the usefulness of categorizing mediums such as drawing, painting, and photography, as well as confront the topics of what is real and what is abstract in representation.
Simulations are often used to evaluate and test geometric forms to optimize their performance. For example, simulating wind loads on a building provides a means for structural engineers to test and improve the structural design and performance of a building. However, simulations have also been used as generative design tools for exploring emergent geometries and forms that are based on input parameters.
Zaha Hadid Architects' design of the Kartel-Pendik Masterplan in Istanbul, Turkey, in 2006, is an excellent example of the use of computational simulations as a generative design tool. Inputs of circulation within the urban fabric, and computational simulations of bundling curve networks influenced by Frei Otto’s bundling wool-thread models, were used to generate the network of curves for the masterplan.
Computational drawings have revolutionized the architectural industry and continue to shape contemporary culture. They offer a means of generating new architectural forms, visualizing complex information, and exploring emergent geometries and forms through drawing and modeling.
Young & Ayata, Symmetry Series, 2013. Computational drawing. |
Figure 1.25. Zaha Hadid Architects, Kartal-Pendik Masterplan, Istanbul, Turkey, 2006. Site plan of the street layout and urban fabric. Courtesy of Zaha Hadid Archite |
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